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Volume 47, Number 2

The second semester issue of the Philippine Journal of Development contains articles on sexual education and behavior, the...

Volume 48, Number 1

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the Philippine Journal of Development. The first semester issue celebrates this...

Volume 48, Number 2

This closing issue of the Philippine Journal of Development (PJD)’s 50th anniversary features a retrospective article by Jan Carlo Punongbayan...

Volume 36, Number 1

This issue explores key economic and policy challenges shaping the Philippine economy. One study examines the shift from constant 1985...

Volume 21, Numbers 1 and 2

This issue presents analyses on sociology, economic policies, gender studies, and sustainable development, offering insights into the evolving landscape of...

The “Turbulent World Economy” and Industrial Development Strategy in the Philippines

This article is presented before the 19th Annual Meeting of the Philippine Economic Society at the Manila Hotel on December...

The 1981-85 Tariff Changes and Effective Protection of Manufacturing Industries

This article assesses the impact of the ongoing tariff reform on effective protection rate (EPR) in the manufacturing sector given...

An Analysis of Fertilizer Policies in the Philippines

The Philippines does not have a comparative advantage in the domestic production of fertilizer. This is one of the thoughts...

The Critical Role of Trade and Industrial Statistics in Policy Formulation

This paper is presented at the Third National Convention on Statistics on December 13-14, 1982. The move to strengthen the...

Import Smuggling in the Philippines: An Economic Analysis

This study attempts to generate an estimate of import smuggling using Philippine data on import trade. Through the development of...

The Recent Recession and Rising Protectionism in Developed Countries: Some Thoughts on the ASEAN Economies

This paper has been presented at the Southeast Asia Program luncheon seminar in Cornell University, Ithaca, New York on April...

Australia-Philippine Trade Relations

This article examines the pattern, composition and trends in Australia-Philippine trade from 1962-1981. Analysis points to three major results: the...

The Australian System of Tariff Preferences: An Evaluation of its Employment Effects in the Context of Australia-ASEAN Trade

This article assesses the contribution of Australia’s preferences to generation of employment opportunities in ASEAN region. It also verifies the...

Equity and Efficiency Tradeoffs in Philippine Tax Reforms

This study presents tax policymakers with a menu of alternative tax structures for the Philippines which will yield the best...

Interdependence in ASEAN: An Assessment of the ASEAN Preferential Trading Agreements (PTA)

This article examines whether the ASEAN Preferential Trading Arrangements have increased the level of interdependence among ASEAN countries in the...

A Review of Fiscal Incentives for Exports in the Philippines

Stimulated by the success of the East Asian dragons, commitment on the design and administration of export promotion policies have...

Classifying the Economy into Traded or Nontraded Sectors

Cast within the framework of small open economy that periodically faces balance of payments crises, the theoretical model developed in...

EC 1992: Its Impact on Trade and Investment in the Philippines

One of the recent European developments is the plan of creating a single market implying the removal of obstacles to...

Aggregate Corn Area Response Under Risk: Some Implications for Price Stabilization Programs

Investigation of the corn revenue risk of Filipino farmers indicates their vulnerability to wide variability in domestic and world prices....

An Evaluation of the Home Consumption Value System

The Philippines has been one among the few that still adheres to the home consumption valuation (HCV), a system that,...

GATT-UR and Philippine Agriculture: Facts and Fallacies

GATT-UR provisions on agriculture have been most controversial. Its ratification depends on the establishment of adequate “safety nets” to protect...

Adjusting to the New Trade and Environmental Paradigm: The Case of the Philippines

The story of the Philippine environment during the past two decades is one of growing stress and resource degradation that...

Modeling the Effects of the MFA Liberalization on Philippine Clothing Trade

Opinions about the Multi-Fibre Agreement (MFA) vary not only between importers and exporters but also within these groups depending on...

The Effectiveness of Export Promotion Policies in a General Equilibrium Framework: The Case of the Philippines

This study examines the general equilibrium effects of different export promotion policies on imports and production of importables and exportables....

An Asia-Pacific Model of Development Cooperation

Part One of the Osaka Action Agenda has clarified the implications of the basic political commitment to free and open...

International Labor Migration and Its Implications in the APEC Region

This paper identifies some of the key issues confronting the Asia-Pacific member-economies that arise from the discussions in the APEC...

Asian and Western Values: Implications for the APEC Community-Building Process

The discussion on Western and Eastern values has begun to take on emotional heat even in sedate conferences. Where a...

U.S. Interests and Asia-Pacific Cooperation

As APEC provides venue for exploiting trade and investment gains in an integrated market, it allows the U.S. to strengthen...

Cultural Aspects of Trade Dispute Resolution in China

The increased level of economic interaction in the Pacific Rim region has brought with it a corresponding increase in the...

Achieving Effective Trade liberalization in APEC: The Trade Limitations of “Open Regionalism”

Until there is a substantial degree of consensus over the strategic issues and a greater body of work on the...

Macroeconomic Impact of a Tariff Reduction: A Three-Gap Analysis with Model Simulations

Using a three-gap model, it can be shown that a reduction in the tariff level will lead to an unambiguous...

Comparative Tariff Policies of ASEAN Member Countries

Contrary to earlier findings, tariffs in most favored nations have significantly declined by as much as 51 percent since 1986....

Effects of the AFTA-CEPT Scheme on Philippine Manufacturing Industries

Under the Common Effective Preferential Tariffs (CEPT) scheme of the ASEAN free trade, tariffs on ASEAN products will be progressively...

Simulating the Effects of GATT-UR/WTO on the Philippine Economy

The GATT/WTO may affect the Philippine economy in three ways: through changes in tariff structure resulting from the country’s commitment...

Constraints to Food Security: The Philippine Case

Over the past two decades, the Philippine economic growth has been erratic and lower than most developing countries in Asia....

Asymmetric Prices: Implications on Trader’s Market Power in Philippine Rice

Contrary to the commonly held notion that the market power exercised by a handful of unscrupulous traders in the local...

Effect of Trade Liberalization in the Short-Grain Japonica Rice Market: A Spatial-Temporal Equilibrium analysis

Serious attention has always been bestowed on the stability of food markets. The government has acted on these issues through...

The Effects of Shifting to Transaction Value and Other Issues

This study takes off from an earlier inquiry on the effects of Home Consumption Value (HCV) valuation. It is intended...

Currency Devaluations, Product Pricing and Trade Deficits

This paper explains why currency movements and trade volumes, while theoretically related, have minimal effect on each other, in practice....

An Analysis of the Structure of the Philippine Retail Food Industry

The enactment of Retail Trade Liberalization Act of 2000 (RA 8762), which liberalizes the Philippine retail trade business, was not...

Liberalization and Regional Integration: The Philippines’ Strategy for Global Competitiveness

The paper examines the policies pursued by the Philippines in response to the increasing economic integration and interdependence of nations...

Looking Beyond AFTA: Prospects and Challenges for Inter-regional Trade

The world-trading environment has witnessed the proliferation of regional trading arrangements during the last decade. This development has been accompanied...

Environmental Impact of Trade Policy Reforms on Pollution Intensity

The paper attempts to provide a theoretical analysis as well as some indicators of the linkage between trade policy and...

Toward Understanding Philippine Trade in Services: A Demand Approach

This article investigates the determinants of Philippine trade in commercial services, and makes an attempt to explain the historical trends...

Analyzing the Impact of Trade Reforms on Welfare and Income Distribution Using a CGE Framework: the Case of the Philippines

Trade liberalization--particularly tariff reduction, which is the focus of this paper--triggers changes in both sectoral price ratios and domestic-foreign price...

English as the Language of Trade, Finance, and Technology in APEC: an East Asia Perspective

The use of English language for cross-border communications is important in many areas of trade ranging from tourism to trade...

China's WTO Entry: Effects on Its Economy and Implications for the Philippines

This paper investigates the implications of China’s accession to the World Trade Organization in December 2001 for the Philippines based...

An Empirical Analysis on the Tradeoff between Schooling and Child Labor in the Philippines

Does the prevalence of child work or child labor encumber on the country's economic growth and development? This paper looks...

Who Are Opposed to Free Trade in the Philippines?

In a democratic country, economic policies succeed or fail depending on the political support they receive. Open trade policies that...

The Economics of Secondhand Retail Trade: An Analysis of the Market for Ukay-ukay

In recent years, the market for secondhand garments has flourished from its considered capital, Baguio City, province of Benguet. It...

Can Imports Discipline Collusive Firms?: The Case of the Philippine Cement Industry

Applying a conjectural variations (CV) model introduced by Haskel and Scaramozzino (H&S model 1997), the paper examines the impact of...

Unemployment and Inflation in the Philippines: New Evidence from Vector Error Correction Model

This article empirically analyzes the relationship between unemployment rate and inflation rate in the Philippines over the period 1980-2006. The...

Rules of Origin: Regimes in East Asia and Recommendations for Best Practice

Amidst the rising trend in free trade agreements (FTAs) and growing international production sharing, rules of origin (ROO) has been...

Factors Affecting Use or Nonuse of Free Trade Agreements in the Philippines

Within East Asia, the outward-oriented Philippine economy is a latecomer to using free trade agreements (FTAs) as a trade policy...

A Review of Social Insurance in the Philippines

This paper aims to review and assess the protection afforded by the Social Security System (SSS) and the Government Service...

Impact of the Rice Trade Policy Reforms on Household Welfare in the Philippines

The effects of rice trade policy reforms on household welfare, as indicated by changes in consumer and producer prices, are...

Addressing Land Degradation: Benefits, Costs, and Policy Directions

Land degradation in the Philippines is a serious environmental problem with long-term implications for the sustainability of agricultural production. Protection...

Foreign Labor in Singapore: Rationale, Policies, Impacts, and Issues

Singapore has one of the most open economies in Asia in terms of trade, capital inflows, and foreign labor inflows....

Managing the ASEAN Economic Integration Process in the Philippines: An Assessment of Progress in Trade Liberalization and Facilitation

This paper is part of the Philippine study for the Mid-Term Review (MTR) of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint,...

Services Liberalization in the Philippines: A Capacity Needs Assessment for AEC 2015

The paper aims to assess and determine the capacity-building needs required to liberalize trade in services in the Philippines. Through...

The Impact of Trade Liberalization and Economic Integration on the Logistics Industry: Maritime Transport and Freight Forwarders

The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint targets an ASEAN single market in 2015. This is an ambitious reform agenda that...

The ASEAN Economic Community Blueprint: Implementation and Effectiveness Assessment for Philippine Agriculture

The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint outlines the plan of countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) to...

AEC 2015: Issues and Challenges in Standards and Conformance

The ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) Blueprint envisions the transformation of the ASEAN region into a single market and production base...

Is the Pacific Alliance a Potential Pathway to the Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific?

The establishment of a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) is one of the priorities of the Asia-Pacific Economic...

Dominant Supplier Approach to Liberalizing Trade in APEC Environmental Goods

If member-economies of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) are to implement the APEC environmental goods (EGs) initiative, how should they...

Implications of a Philippines-United States FTA on Trade in Goods: An Indicator Approach Using the Sussex Framework

The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is a regional free trade agreement (FTA) initiated by the United States (US) and is presently...

Services-Manufacturing Linkage and the Role of Policy

The database of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development-World Trade Organization (OECD-WTO) on Trade in Value Added shows that...

Philippine Telecommunications Laws and Regulations: A TPP Gap Analysis

This paper aims to promote competitive access for telecommunications providers. Among other things, it includes provisions for interconnection, access to...

Legal and Policy Implications of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement: Focus on Intellectual Property

As the Philippines participates in negotiations for new-generation free trade agreements (FTAs), it is crucial for the country to have...

Possible Effects of China's Belt and Road Initiative on Philippine Trade and Investments

China’s "One Belt, One Road" (OBOR) initiative aims to foster connectivity and cooperation among 65 nations. Together, these countries account...

The Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement, a Decade After: Evaluating the Impact on Philippine Trade

The Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement (JPEPA), the first bilateral FTA that the Philippines entered into, aims to facilitate and promote...

Analyzing the Diversity and Inclusivity of Philippine Exports to the European Union Under the GSP+

This study assesses the diversity and inclusivity of Philippine export activities to the European Union (EU) amid the country’s status...

Assessing Policy Impacts in Digital Services Trade: Implications for the Philippines

Rapid digitalization has become integral to the global economy, connecting markets and introducing new modes of production and...

Does Similarity in Philippine Free Trade Agreements Matter in Trade?

This study proposes using text-of-trade analysis to understand the design of the Japan-Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement and the...

Analyzing Filipinos’ Openness to Trade Partnerships and Globalization Using Sentiment Analysis

This paper examines Filipinos’ openness to globalization and trade partnerships using text mining and sentiment analysis to assess...